1. How Madhya Pradesh Is Governed
Madhya Pradesh follows the same system as other states under the Constitution, but exams ask about its own numbers, institutions and Panchayati Raj features.
Legislature and executive
- MP has a unicameral legislature: a Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha) of 230 members. It has no Legislative Council.
- The Assembly building in Bhopal is the Vidhan Bhavan. In the 2023 Assembly election the BJP won 163 of 230 seats.
- Dr Mohan Yadav became Chief Minister on 13 December 2023. Jagdish Devda and Rajendra Shukla are Deputy Chief Ministers; Jagdish Devda presents the budget.
- Mangubhai C. Patel has been Governor of MP since 8 July 2021. His five-year term ended in July 2026, and he continued in office, as a Governor does until a successor takes charge.
- MP sends 29 members to the Lok Sabha and 11 members to the Rajya Sabha.
Judiciary and administration
- The High Court of Madhya Pradesh has its principal seat at Jabalpur, with benches at Indore and Gwalior.
- The state is divided into 10 divisions, each headed by a Divisional Commissioner, and 55 districts, each headed by a Collector.
- Districts are divided into tehsils (headed by Tehsildars) and development blocks.
- Other bodies: MP Lokayukta (anti-corruption), State Election Commission (local body elections), MPPSC and MPESB (recruitment).
Panchayati Raj in MP
- MP has a three-tier Panchayati Raj system: Gram Panchayat (village), Janpad Panchayat (block) and Zila Panchayat (district).
- The governing law is the Madhya Pradesh Panchayat Raj Evam Gram Swaraj Adhiniyam, 1993.
- MP was among the first states to hold panchayat elections after the 73rd Amendment, in 1994.
- MP reserves 50 percent of seats in panchayats for women.
- The Gram Sabha (all adult voters of the village) approves village plans and selects scheme beneficiaries. Scheduled Areas follow the PESA rules, which MP notified in 2022.
Quick facts
- Legislative Assembly
- 230 seats; no Legislative Council
- Lok Sabha / Rajya Sabha
- 29 / 11
- High Court
- Jabalpur; benches at Indore and Gwalior
- Chief Minister
- Dr Mohan Yadav (since 13 December 2023)
- Governor
- Mangubhai C. Patel (since July 2021)
- Panchayati Raj tiers
- Gram, Janpad, Zila Panchayat
- Women in panchayats
- 50 percent reservation
💡 Remember MP's numbers as '230-29-11': 230 MLAs, 29 Lok Sabha MPs and 11 Rajya Sabha MPs.
📝 5-question quiz on this lesson: enrol free to take it and track your score.
